It is a figure of speech based on association .In this figure the writer uses some word or expression that refers to some well-known mythical or historical person place or event or to some saying of an important person or any literary work or passage.It is a passing but significant indirect reference .And the association between the thing described and the thing suggested or reffered to enriches the expression and provides depth to.Example,"This is the same bog where armies whole have sunk.It refers to the great Serbonian bog mentioned in "Milton's "Paradise Lost"
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